| Command | Description |
| Aansi.sysNSI.SYS | Defines functions that change display graphics, control cursor movement, reassign keys. |
| append | Causes MS-DOS to look in other directories when editing a file or running a command. |
| arp | Displays, adds, and removes arp information from network devices. |
| assign | Assign a drive letter to an alternate letter. |
| assoc | View the file associations. |
| at | Schedule a time to execute commands or programs. |
| atmadm | Lists connections and addresses seen by Windows ATM call manager. |
| attrib | Display and change file attributes. |
| batch | Recovery console command that executes a series of commands in a file. |
| bootcfg | Recovery console command that allows a user to view, modify, and rebuild the boot.ini |
| break | Enable / disable CTRL + C feature. |
| cacls | View and modify file ACL's. |
| call | Calls a batch file from another batch file. |
| cd | Changes directories. |
| chcp | Supplement the International keyboard and character set information. |
| chdir | Changes directories. |
| chdsk | Check the hard disk drive running FAT for errors. |
| chkntfs | Check the hard disk drive running NTFS for errors. |
| choice | Specify a listing of multiple options within a batch file. |
| cls | Clears the screen. |
| cmd | Opens the command interpreter. |
| color | Easily change the foreground and background color of the MS-DOS window. |
| command | Opens the command interpreter. |
| comp | Compares files. |
| compact | Compresses and uncompress files. |
| control | Open Control Panel icons from the MS-DOS prompt. |
| convert | Convert FAT to NTFS. |
| copy | Copy one or more files to an alternate location. |
| ctty | Change the computers input/output devices. |
| date | View or change the systems date. |
| debug | Debug utility to create assembly programs to modify hardware settings. |
| defrag | Re-arrange the hard disk drive to help with loading programs. |
| del | Deletes one or more files. |
| delete | Recovery console command that deletes a file. |
| deltree | Deletes one or more files and/or directories. |
| dir | List the contents of one or more directory. |
| disable | Recovery console command that disables Windows system services or drivers. |
| diskcomp | Compare a disk with another disk. |
| diskcopy | Copy the contents of one disk and place them on another disk. |
| doskey | Command to view and execute commands that have been run in the past. |
| dosshell | A GUI to help with early MS-DOS users. |
| drivparm | Enables overwrite of original device drivers. |
| echo | Displays messages and enables and disables echo. |
| edit | View and edit files. |
| edlin | View and edit files. |
| emm386 | Load extended Memory Manager. |
| ename | Recovery console command to enable a disable service or driver. |
| endlocal | Stops the localization of the environment changes enabled by the setlocal command. |
| erase | Erase files from computer. |
| exit | Exit from the command interpreter. |
| expand | Expand a Microsoft Windows file back to it's original format. |
| extract | Extract files from the Microsoft Windows cabinets. |
| fasthelp | Displays a listing of MS-DOS commands and information about them. |
| fc | Compare files. |
| fdisk | Utility used to create partitions on the hard disk drive. |
| find | Search for text within a file. |
| findstr | Searches for a string of text within a file. |
| fixboot | Writes a new boot sector. |
| fixmbr | Writes a new boot record to a disk drive. |
| for | Boolean used in batch files. |
| format | Command to erase and prepare a disk drive. |
| ftp | Command to connect and operate on a FTP server. |
| ftype | Displays or modifies file types used in file extension associations. |
| goto | Moves a batch file to a specific label or location. |
| graftabl | Show extended characters in graphics mode. |
| help | Display a listing of commands and brief explanation. |
| if | Allows for batch files to perform conditional processing. |
| ifshlp.sys | 32-bit file manager. |
| ipconfig | Network command to view network adapter settings and assigned values. |
| keyb | Change layout of keyboard. |
| label | Change the label of a disk drive. |
| lh | Load a device driver in to high memory. |
| listsvc | Recovery console command that displays the services and drivers. |
| loadfix | Load a program above the first 64k. |
| loadhigh | Load a device driver in to high memory. |
| lock | Lock the hard disk drive. |
| logoff | Logoff the currently profile using the computer. |
| logon | Recovery console command to list installations and enable administrator login. |
| map | Displays the device name of a drive. |
| md | Command to create a new directory. |
| mem | Display memory on system. |
| mkdir | Command to create a new directory. |
| mode | Modify the port or display settings. |
| more | Display one page at a time. |
| move | Move one or more files from one directory to another directory. |
| msav | Early Microsoft Virus scanner. |
| msd | Diagnostics utility. |
| msdex | Utility used to load and provide access to the CD-ROM. |
| nbtstat | Displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT |
| net | Update, fix, or view the network or network settings |
| netsh | Configure dynamic and static network information from MS-DOS. |
| netstat | Display the TCP/IP network protocol statistics and information. |
| nlsfunc | Load country specific information. |
| nslookup | Look up an IP address of a domain or host on a network. |
| path | View and modify the computers path location. |
| pathping | View and locate locations of network latency. |
| pause | Command used in batch files to stop the processing of a command. |
| ping | Test / send information to another network computer or network device. |
| popd | Changes to the directory or network path stored by the pushd command. |
| power | Conserve power with computer portables. |
| Prints data to a printer port. | |
| prompt | View and change the MS-DOS prompt. |
| pushd | Stores a directory or network path in memory so it can be returned to at any time. |
| qbasic | Open the QBasic. |
| rd | Removes an empty directory. |
| ren | Renames a file or directory. |
| rename | Renames a file or directory. |
| rmdir | Removes an empty directory. |
| route | View and configure windows network route tables. |
| runas | Enables a user to execute a program on another computer. |
| scandisk | Run the scandisk utility. |
| scanreg | Scan registry and recover registry from errors. |
| set | Change one variable or string to another. |
| setlocal | Enables local environments to be changed without affecting anything else. |
| setver | Change MS-DOS version to trick older MS-DOS programs. |
| share | Installs support for file sharing and locking capabilities. |
| shift | Changes the position of replaceable parameters in a batch program. |
| shutdown | Shutdown the computer from the MS-DOS prompt. |
| smartdrv | Create a disk cache in conventional memory or extended memory. |
| sort | Sorts the input and displays the output to the screen. |
| start | Start a separate window in Windows from the MS-DOS prompt. |
| subst | Substitute a folder on your computer for another drive letter. |
| switches | Remove add functions from MS-DOS. |
| sys | Transfer system files to disk drive. |
| telnet | Telnet to another computer / device from the prompt. |
| time | View or modify the system time. |
| title | Change the title of their MS-DOS window. |
| tracert | Visually view a network packets route across a network. |
| tree | View a visual tree of the hard disk drive. |
| type | Display the contents of a file. |
| undelete | Undelete a file that has been deleted. |
| unformat | Unformat a hard disk drive. |
| unlock | Unlock a disk drive. |
| ver | Display the version information. |
| verify | Enables or disables the feature to determine if files have been written properly. |
| vol | Displays the volume information about the designated drive. |
| xcopy | Copy multiple files, directories, and/or drives from one location to another. |
To find information about a command, click the command name. In addition to the tools installed with Windows XP, there are over 40 support tools included on the Windows XP CD. You can use these tools to diagnose and resolve computer problems. For more information about these support tools, see Windows Support Tools For information about installing support tools, see Install Windows Support Tools For more information about changes to the functionality of MS-DOS commands, new command-line tools, command shell functionality, configuring the command prompt, and automating commmand-line tasks, see Command-line reference Some command-line tools require the user to have administrator-level privileges on source and/or target computers. Command-line tools must be run at the prompt of the Cmd.exe command interpreter. To open Command Prompt, click Start, click Run, type cmd, and then click OK. To view help at the command-line, at the command prompt, type the following:
CommandName /?
MS-DOS subsystem configuration commands
Netsh diagnostic (diag) commands
Netsh commands for Interface IP
Net Commands
ARP
Display or manipulate the ARP information on a network device or computer.
FINGER
The finger command available in Unix / Linux variants allows a user to find sometimes personal information about a user. This information can include the last time the user logged in, when they read their e-mail, etc... If the user creates a .PLAN or other related file the user can also display additional information.
HOSTNAME
The hostname command displays the host name of the Windows XP computer currently logged into.
IPCONFIG
Ipconfig is a MS-DOS utility that can be used from MS-DOS and a MS-DOS shell to display the network settings currently assigned and given by a network. This command can be utilized to verify a network connection as well as to verify your network settings.
Windows 2000 users should use this command to determine network information.
PATHPING
Pathping is a MS-DOS utility available for Microsoft Windows 2000 and Windows XP users. This utility enables a user to find network latency and network loss.
PING
Ping is one of the most commonly used and known commands. Ping allows a user to ping another network IP address. This can help determine if the network is able to communicate with the network.
NBTSTAT
The nbtstat MS-DOS utility that displays protocol statistics and current TCP/IP connections using NBT.
NET
The net command is available in MS-DOS / Windows and is used to set, view and determine network settings.
NETSTAT
The netstat command is used to display the TCP/IP network protocol statistics and information.
NSLOOKUP
The nslookup MS-DOS utility that enables a user to do a reverse lookup on an IP address of a domain or host on a network.
ROUTE
The route MS-DOS utility enables computers to view and modify the computer's route table.
TRACERT / TRACEROUTE
The tracert command in MS-DOS / Windows or the traceroute command in Unix / Linux and variants is another commonly used network command to help determine network related issues or slowdowns. Using this command you can view a listing of how a network packet travels through the network and where it may fail or slow down. Using this information you can determine the computer, router, switch or other network device possibly causing your network issues.
WHOIS
The whois command available in Unix / Linux variants helps allow a user to identify a domain name. This command provides information about a domain name much like the WHOIS on network solutions. In some cases the domain information will be provided from Network Solutions.
WINIPCFG
The winipcfg command available in Windows allows a user to display network and network adapter information. Here, a user can find such information as an IP address, Subnet Mask, Gateway, etc...
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